Análisis cultural de la permanencia estudiantil en educación superior colombiana: Una revisión sistemática
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Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO
Abstract
Esta investigación analiza sistemáticamente las prácticas culturales presentes en los estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años sobre permanencia estudiantil en IES colombianas partiendo de tres antecedentes: A. El enfoque preventivo de la deserción estudiantil no garantiza mayores índices de graduación (MEN, 2025); B. Se han publicado revisiones previas sobre la temática (Behr et al., 2020 y Chiarino et al., 2024), pero ninguna aborda la cultura de permanencia identificando las prácticas que la configuran; y C. La presente revisión es el primer resultado de una investigación más amplia sobre la relación entre valor de marca institucional y persistencia estudiantil en la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales de UNIMINUTO Bogotá (SIGIIP–UNIMINUTO, 2025). Metodológicamente se desarrolló una revisión sistemática mixta bajo la declaración PRISMA 2020 (Page et. al, 2020); aplicando siete criterios de inclusión se constituyó un insumo documental idóneo para analizarlo bajo los constructos de macrocontingencias y metacontingencias (Todorov, 2012; Glenn, 1988), con esto se construyó un Diagrama Contingencial (Mattaini, 1996), que representa gráficamente la permanencia estudiantil como práctica cultural. Como resultados se obtuvieron el Diagrama de flujo PRISMA 2020, el cual muestra el proceso de revisión y el Diagrama contingencial de permanencia estudiantil en IES colombianas, el cual identifica las prácticas culturales que la promueven, su construcción y actores. Se concluye que: A. Existe confusión conceptual en el insumo documental sobre el fenómeno por su naturaleza multifactorial, lo que hace necesario proponer nuevos modelos complementarios; B. La permanencia estudiantil puede comprenderse desde la perspectiva conductual como consecuencia cultural que refuerza diversas prácticas; y C. Son pocas las investigaciones que abordan el fenómeno desde esta perspectiva; por lo que se recomienda ampliar dicho enfoque de investigación.
This research systematically analyzes the cultural practices present in studies published over the last five years on student retention in Colombian higher education institutions (HEIs), based on three premises: A. The preventive approach to student dropout does not guarantee higher graduation rates (MEN, 2025); B. Previous reviews on the topic have been published (Behr et al., 2020 and Chiarino et al., 2024), but none address the culture of retention by identifying the practices that shape it; and C. This review is the first result of a broader investigation into the relationship between institutional brand value and student persistence at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of UNIMINUTO Bogotá (SIGIIP–UNIMINUTO, 2025). Methodologically, a mixed-methods systematic review was developed under the PRISMA 2020 statement (Page et al., 2020). Applying seven inclusion criteria, a suitable documentary input was compiled for analysis under the constructs of macro-contingencies and meta-contingencies (Todorov, 2012; Glenn, 1988). This allowed for the construction of a Contingency Diagram (Mattaini, 1996), which graphically represents student retention as a cultural practice. The results yielded the PRISMA 2020 Flowchart, which illustrates the review process, and the Contingency Diagram of Student Retention in Colombian Higher Education Institutions, which identifies the cultural practices that promote it, its construction, and the actors involved. The following conclusions were reached: A. There is conceptual confusion in the documentary input regarding the phenomenon due to its multifactorial nature, making it necessary to propose new, complementary models; B. Student retention can be understood from a behavioral perspective as a cultural consequence that reinforces various practices; and C. Few studies address the phenomenon from this perspective; therefore, it is recommended to broaden this research approach.
This research systematically analyzes the cultural practices present in studies published over the last five years on student retention in Colombian higher education institutions (HEIs), based on three premises: A. The preventive approach to student dropout does not guarantee higher graduation rates (MEN, 2025); B. Previous reviews on the topic have been published (Behr et al., 2020 and Chiarino et al., 2024), but none address the culture of retention by identifying the practices that shape it; and C. This review is the first result of a broader investigation into the relationship between institutional brand value and student persistence at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of UNIMINUTO Bogotá (SIGIIP–UNIMINUTO, 2025). Methodologically, a mixed-methods systematic review was developed under the PRISMA 2020 statement (Page et al., 2020). Applying seven inclusion criteria, a suitable documentary input was compiled for analysis under the constructs of macro-contingencies and meta-contingencies (Todorov, 2012; Glenn, 1988). This allowed for the construction of a Contingency Diagram (Mattaini, 1996), which graphically represents student retention as a cultural practice. The results yielded the PRISMA 2020 Flowchart, which illustrates the review process, and the Contingency Diagram of Student Retention in Colombian Higher Education Institutions, which identifies the cultural practices that promote it, its construction, and the actors involved. The following conclusions were reached: A. There is conceptual confusion in the documentary input regarding the phenomenon due to its multifactorial nature, making it necessary to propose new, complementary models; B. Student retention can be understood from a behavioral perspective as a cultural consequence that reinforces various practices; and C. Few studies address the phenomenon from this perspective; therefore, it is recommended to broaden this research approach.
Description
Analizar sistemáticamente las prácticas culturales presentes en los estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años sobre permanencia estudiantil en instituciones de educación superior colombianas mediante el Diagrama Contingencial
Citation
Díaz, R.(2025). Análisis cultural de la permanencia estudiantil en educación superior colombiana: Una revisión sistemática. [Monografía, Corporación universitaria Minuto de Dios-UNIMINUTO]. Repositorio Uniminuto.
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