Funcionamiento cerebral y cognitivo implicados en la toma de decisiones de los directores técnicos de fútbol en el campo de juego
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Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO
Abstract
Esta revisión narrativa analiza el funcionamiento cerebral y cognitivo implicado en la toma de decisiones de los directores técnicos de fútbol durante la competición. Se integró literatura de neurociencia, psicología del deporte y liderazgo para comprender cómo las funciones ejecutivas, la experiencia táctica y la regulación emocional influyen en la calidad y rapidez de las decisiones bajo presión. La evidencia indica que regiones como la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral, orbitofrontal y el cíngulo anterior sostienen procesos clave como planificación, control inhibitorio, valoración de riesgos y monitoreo de errores. Asimismo, funciones ejecutivas como memoria de trabajo, flexibilidad cognitiva y control emocional son determinantes para integrar información perceptiva, anticipar acciones y seleccionar estrategias adaptativas. Estudios de neuroimagen muestran que la experiencia táctica incrementa la eficiencia neural, reduciendo la carga cognitiva y favoreciendo decisiones más rápidas y estables. El liderazgo emerge como un componente esencial, ya que la comunicación y la inteligencia emocional del entrenador impactan la cohesión y el rendimiento del equipo. Estos hallazgos sustentan el diseño de programas de entrenamiento cognitivo y emocional orientados a optimizar el desempeño táctico en contextos deportivos de alta presión.
This narrative review analyzes the brain and cognitive processes involved in the decision- making of football coaches during competition. Neuroscience, sports psychology, and leadership literature were integrated to understand how executive functions, tactical experience, and emotional regulation influence the quality and speed of decisions under pressure. Evidence indicates that regions such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex support key processes such as planning, inhibitory control, risk assessment, and error monitoring. Likewise, executive functions such as working memory, cognitive flexibility, and emotional control are crucial for integrating perceptual information, anticipating actions, and selecting adaptive strategies. Neuroimaging studies show that tactical experience increases neural efficiency, reducing cognitive load and promoting faster and more stable decisions. Leadership emerges as an essential component, as the coach's communication and emotional intelligence impact team cohesion and performance. These findings support the design of cognitive and emotional training programs aimed at optimizing tactical performance in high-pressure sporting contexts.
This narrative review analyzes the brain and cognitive processes involved in the decision- making of football coaches during competition. Neuroscience, sports psychology, and leadership literature were integrated to understand how executive functions, tactical experience, and emotional regulation influence the quality and speed of decisions under pressure. Evidence indicates that regions such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex support key processes such as planning, inhibitory control, risk assessment, and error monitoring. Likewise, executive functions such as working memory, cognitive flexibility, and emotional control are crucial for integrating perceptual information, anticipating actions, and selecting adaptive strategies. Neuroimaging studies show that tactical experience increases neural efficiency, reducing cognitive load and promoting faster and more stable decisions. Leadership emerges as an essential component, as the coach's communication and emotional intelligence impact team cohesion and performance. These findings support the design of cognitive and emotional training programs aimed at optimizing tactical performance in high-pressure sporting contexts.
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Camacho, L.(2025). Funcionamiento cerebral y cognitivo implicados en la toma de decisiones de los directores técnicos de fútbol en el campo de juego. [Trabajo de investigación e innovación. [Trabajo de Grado, Corporación universitaria Minuto de Dios-UNIMINUTO]. Repositorio Uniminuto.
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Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

