Revisión documental sobre la intervención en las habilidades sociales de niños y adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA)
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Date
2024-11-14
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Monografía
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Acceso Abierto - http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Abstract
El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) afecta la comunicación, la interacción social y el comportamiento, presentando un reto significativo en el desarrollo de habilidades sociales. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias de intervención en las habilidades sociales de niños y adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), reportadas en los últimos 5 años en artículos científicos. El problema radica en la dificultad que estos individuos enfrentan para adaptarse a contextos sociales, lo que afecta su integración y bienestar. La metodología utilizada es de enfoque cualitativo, con un paradigma interpretativo, basado en la revisión documental de estudios recientes sobre técnicas de intervención en habilidades sociales. Los resultados muestran que las intervenciones incluyen el uso de tecnología, como la realidad aumentada, psicomotricidad relacional y entrenamientos
conductuales específicos. Además, se identificaron intervenciones que contribuyen la interacción social, comunicación y adaptación de los sujetos a contextos sociales variados, a pesar de ello, la efectividad de las técnicas depende en gran medida de la personalización de los programas y la cooperación de los padres y educadores. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia de un enfoque multimodal que integre diversas estrategias terapéuticas y tecnológicas, así como la necesidad de capacitación continua para los profesionales y familiares. Por ello, se propone el diseño de intervenciones adaptadas a las necesidades individuales de cada niño o adolescente con TEA, buscando su inclusión y desarrollo óptimo en la
sociedad.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects communication, social interaction and behavior, presenting a significant challenge in the development of social skills. The present research aims to analyze intervention strategies in social skills of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), reported in the last 5 years in scientific articles. The problem lies in the difficulty these individuals face in adapting to social contexts, which affects their integration and well-being. The methodology used is a qualitative approach, with an interpretative paradigm, based on the documentary review of recent studies on social skills intervention techniques. The results show that the interventions include the use of technology, such as augmented reality, relational psychomotor skills and specific behavioral training. In addition, interventions were identified that contribute to social interaction, communication and adaptation of the subjects to varied social contexts, although the effectiveness of the techniques depends largely on the personalization of the programs and the cooperation of parents and educators. The conclusions highlight the importance of a multimodal approach that integrates diverse therapeutic and technological strategies, as well as the need for continuous training for professionals and family members. Therefore, the design of interventions is proposed.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects communication, social interaction and behavior, presenting a significant challenge in the development of social skills. The present research aims to analyze intervention strategies in social skills of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), reported in the last 5 years in scientific articles. The problem lies in the difficulty these individuals face in adapting to social contexts, which affects their integration and well-being. The methodology used is a qualitative approach, with an interpretative paradigm, based on the documentary review of recent studies on social skills intervention techniques. The results show that the interventions include the use of technology, such as augmented reality, relational psychomotor skills and specific behavioral training. In addition, interventions were identified that contribute to social interaction, communication and adaptation of the subjects to varied social contexts, although the effectiveness of the techniques depends largely on the personalization of the programs and the cooperation of parents and educators. The conclusions highlight the importance of a multimodal approach that integrates diverse therapeutic and technological strategies, as well as the need for continuous training for professionals and family members. Therefore, the design of interventions is proposed.
Description
Analizar las estrategias de intervención en las habilidades sociales de niños y adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), reportadas en los últimos 5 años en artículos científicos.
Keywords
Intervention, Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Social skills, Intervención, Autismo, Habilidades sociales, Trastorno del espectro autista