Intervenciones desde la Psicología Clínica para Mitigar el Riesgo Suicida en Adolescentes
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Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO
Abstract
Antecedentes: Esta investigación corresponde a una revisión narrativa cuyo propósito fue analizar la evidencia reciente sobre estrategias clínicas de intervención y prevención de la conducta suicida en adolescentes, integrando hallazgos de estudios empíricos publicados entre 2020 y 2025. Métodos: Se definieron criterios de inclusión para artículos científicos publicados en Scopus, PubMed y ProQuest, en español o inglés, entre 2020 y 2025, enfocados en adolescentes (12–18 años) y en intervenciones o factores de riesgo asociados a la ideación o intento suicida. Se excluyeron estudios con adultos, publicaciones sin revisión por pares, estudios previos a 2020 y enfoques exclusivamente farmacológicos. Las búsquedas se realizaron entre 8 y 20 de septiembre de 2025. Los estudios fueron organizados en una matriz y evaluados mediante lectura del título, resumen y objetivo. Se revisaron sesgos potenciales relacionados con diseño, tamaño muestral y validez de instrumentos. La síntesis se realizó mediante análisis temático comparativo. Resultados: Se identificaron 9 estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, los cuales abarcaron intervenciones clínicas presenciales, estrategias cognitivo-conductuales, terapias basadas en variables interpersonales y programas digitales de prevención. Los hallazgos muestran que factores como la carga percibida, el sentido de no pertenencia, la desregulación emocional, la ansiedad y las dificultades en la conducta orientada a metas son predictores consistentes de la ideación suicida. Asimismo, intervenciones como la Terapia DialécticoConductual, la Terapia Cognitiva para la Prevención del Suicidio, la Terapia Familiar Basada en el Apego y los módulos breves centrados en carga percibida demostraron reducciones significativas en ideación y autolesión
Background: This research corresponds to a narrative review aimed at analyzing recent evidence on clinical intervention and prevention strategies for suicidal behavior in adolescents, integrating findings from empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025. Methods: Inclusion criteria were defined for scientific articles published in Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest, in Spanish or English, between 2020 and 2025, focused on adolescents (12–18 years old) and on interventions or risk factors associated with suicidal ideation or suicide attempts. Studies involving adults, non–peer-reviewed publications, studies prior to 2020, and exclusively pharmacological approaches were excluded. Searches were conducted between September 8 and 20, 2025. Studies were organized into a matrix and evaluated through title, abstract, and objective screening. Potential biases related to study design, sample size, and instrument validity were reviewed. Synthesis was conducted using a comparative thematic analysis. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, covering in-person clinical interventions, cognitive-behavioral strategies, therapies targeting interpersonal variables, and digital prevention programs. Findings show that perceived burdensomeness, lack of belongingness, emotion dysregulation, anxiety, and difficulties in goal-directed behavior are consistent predictors of suicidal ideation. Likewise, interventions such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy for Suicide Prevention, Attachment-Based Family Therapy, and brief modules targeting perceived burdensomeness demonstrated significant reductions in ideation and self-harm
Background: This research corresponds to a narrative review aimed at analyzing recent evidence on clinical intervention and prevention strategies for suicidal behavior in adolescents, integrating findings from empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025. Methods: Inclusion criteria were defined for scientific articles published in Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest, in Spanish or English, between 2020 and 2025, focused on adolescents (12–18 years old) and on interventions or risk factors associated with suicidal ideation or suicide attempts. Studies involving adults, non–peer-reviewed publications, studies prior to 2020, and exclusively pharmacological approaches were excluded. Searches were conducted between September 8 and 20, 2025. Studies were organized into a matrix and evaluated through title, abstract, and objective screening. Potential biases related to study design, sample size, and instrument validity were reviewed. Synthesis was conducted using a comparative thematic analysis. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, covering in-person clinical interventions, cognitive-behavioral strategies, therapies targeting interpersonal variables, and digital prevention programs. Findings show that perceived burdensomeness, lack of belongingness, emotion dysregulation, anxiety, and difficulties in goal-directed behavior are consistent predictors of suicidal ideation. Likewise, interventions such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy for Suicide Prevention, Attachment-Based Family Therapy, and brief modules targeting perceived burdensomeness demonstrated significant reductions in ideation and self-harm
Description
Analizar, a partir de la literatura científica, las estrategias clínicas existentes que contribuyen a prevenir y reducir la ideación y los intentos de suicidio en adolescentes.
Citation
Vanegas Ayala, S. P., & Buitrago, Y. E. (2025). Intervenciones desde la psicología clínica para mitigar el riesgo suicida en adolescentes. [Monografía, Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios - UNIMINUTO]. Repositorio UNIMINUTO.
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Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

