IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE SISTEMA DE CONVERSIÓN DE ENERGÍA SOLAR PARA BOMBEO DE AGUA QUE SUPLA EL USO CONSUNTIVO DE LA PLANTACIÓN DE LECHUGA EN LA GRANJA AGROECOLÓGICA UNIMINUTO.
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Date
2022-10-14
Authors
Lince Blandón, Luisa Fernanda
Advisors
Andrea Romero, Natalia
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Corporación Universitario Minuto de Dios- UNIMINUTO
Type
Thesis
Rights
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Abstract
El éxito de los cultivos está ligado en gran medida a las buenas prácticas asociadas al riego
y fertilización de la planta; sin embargo, hacerlo requiere de un cronograma de trabajo bastante
riguroso para cumplir con los índices de cosecha esperados. Es así como el uso de sistemas de
conversión de energía solar y la automatización en granjas agroecológicas, permiten que las
labores del sistema productivo sean más prácticas, eficaces y eficientes generando un mayor
beneficio para productores y consumidores.
El objetivo principal de esta investigación es implementar sistemas de conversión de
energías renovables para bombeo de agua que aumenten la eficiencia de los cultivos y disminuyan
el uso del recurso hídrico y uso consuntivo del cultivo logrando con esto cambiar la metodología
de riego para hacerlo automatizado y autosostenible, disminuir la carga laboral que demanda la
actividad cultural para que sea controlada electrónicamente y con actividades previamente
programadas evitando así el estrés hídrico de las plantas por cuenta de descuidos humanos.
El enfoque que detalla esta propuesta se constituye en un cambio en los métodos de bombeo
en los riegos que van desde un mayor control hasta implementar nuevas tecnologías como los
sistemas de conversión de energía solar para el bombeo de agua que optimicen los procesos de la
medición de variables de los cultivos hasta la implementación de un sistema de bombeo con
energía solar.
En la granja agroecológica UNIMINUTO se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados con la
implementación de esta tecnología; compuesto por 2 tratamientos cada uno con 20 unidades
experimentales con un total de 40 UE de lechuga Lactuca Sativa L, se tomaron datos semanales
para evidenciar las variables agronómicas de índice de área foliar e índice de cosecha entre las
lechugas que contaban con un sistema de riego autónomo donde el análisis mostro una mayor
viabilidad de desarrollo ecoeficiente con respecto a las lechugas que no contaban con el sistema
de riego, esto se muestra en las gráficas que se desarrollaron de los datos tomados in situ.
The success of crops is largely linked to good practices associated with irrigation and fertilization of the plant; however, doing so requires a fairly rigorous work schedule to meet the expected harvest rates. This is how the use of solar energy conversion systems and automation in agroecological farms allow the work of the production system to be more practical, effective and efficient, generating greater benefits for producers and consumers. The main objective of this research is to implement renewable energy conversion systems for water pumping that increase the efficiency of crops and reduce the use of water resources and consumptive use of the crop, thereby changing the irrigation methodology to make it automated and self-sustainable. , reduce the workload demanded by the cultural activity so that it is controlled electronically and with previously programmed activities, thus avoiding the hydric stress of the plants due to human carelessness. The approach detailed in this proposal constitutes a change in irrigation pumping methods that range from greater control to the implementation of new technologies such as solar energy conversion systems for water pumping that optimize the measurement processes of variables of the crops until the implementation of a pumping system with solar energy. In the UNIMINUTO agroecological farm, the following results were obtained with the implementation of this technology; Composed of 2 treatments each with 20 experimental units with a total of 40 EU of Lactuca Sativa L lettuce, weekly data were taken to show the agronomic variables of leaf area index and harvest index among the lettuces that had an irrigation system. Autonomous where the analysis showed a greater viability of eco-efficient development with respect to the lettuces that did not have the irrigation system, this is shown in the graphs that were developed from the data taken in situ.
The success of crops is largely linked to good practices associated with irrigation and fertilization of the plant; however, doing so requires a fairly rigorous work schedule to meet the expected harvest rates. This is how the use of solar energy conversion systems and automation in agroecological farms allow the work of the production system to be more practical, effective and efficient, generating greater benefits for producers and consumers. The main objective of this research is to implement renewable energy conversion systems for water pumping that increase the efficiency of crops and reduce the use of water resources and consumptive use of the crop, thereby changing the irrigation methodology to make it automated and self-sustainable. , reduce the workload demanded by the cultural activity so that it is controlled electronically and with previously programmed activities, thus avoiding the hydric stress of the plants due to human carelessness. The approach detailed in this proposal constitutes a change in irrigation pumping methods that range from greater control to the implementation of new technologies such as solar energy conversion systems for water pumping that optimize the measurement processes of variables of the crops until the implementation of a pumping system with solar energy. In the UNIMINUTO agroecological farm, the following results were obtained with the implementation of this technology; Composed of 2 treatments each with 20 experimental units with a total of 40 EU of Lactuca Sativa L lettuce, weekly data were taken to show the agronomic variables of leaf area index and harvest index among the lettuces that had an irrigation system. Autonomous where the analysis showed a greater viability of eco-efficient development with respect to the lettuces that did not have the irrigation system, this is shown in the graphs that were developed from the data taken in situ.
Description
Keywords
Energía solar, Sistema riego, Automatización, Granjas agroecológicas, Labores culturales, Solar energy, irrigation system, cultural work