Efectos en la salud por exposición a riesgos biomecánicos en los trabajadores del área de barrido de la empresa SER AMBIENTAL en el municipio de Ricaurte – Cundinamarca
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Date
2022-12
Authors
Vargas Zúñiga, Ludin Yulieth
Valencia Vásquez, Daniela
Advisors
Violet Martelo, Bertha Elisa
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios
Type
Thesis
Rights
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Abstract
El dolor lumbar es una de las 150 afecciones del sistema musculo esquelético, aparece de
manera frecuente y prueba de ello es que es la segunda causa de visitas médicas, la quinta en
frecuencia de hospitalización y la tercera en frecuencia de intervención quirúrgica. Se ha
comprobado que independientemente de la cantidad de una población, los problemas lumbares
son de alta prevalencia. Se calcula que hasta el 80% de la población lo padecerá al menos una
vez en la vida.
Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la empresa Ser ambiental para este caso el personal del
área de barrido en el municipio de Ricaurte Cundinamarca es un personal en el que se puede
llegar a presentar en los colaboradores las afecciones asociadas al riesgo biomecánico como las
anteriormente mencionadas por las actividades de barrido que realizan. Por consiguiente, es
necesario evaluar los factores que facilitan las molestias lumbares derivadas de la exposición al
Riesgo Biomecánico, con el fin de proponer estrategias que permitan mitigar los factores de
riesgo biomecánicos encontrados. De esta manera surge, la pregunta de investigación que es la
siguiente: ¿Cuáles son los factores asociados al riesgo biomecánico, que pueden ser facilitadores
de los problemas lumbares a los trabajadores del área de barrido de la empresa Ser Ambiental en
el municipio de Ricaurte?
Para dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación, se utilizó una metodología con un
enfoque cuantitativo y un alcance de tipo descriptivo, las técnicas de recolección utilizadas
fueron la observación y la encuesta del perfil sociodemográfico, posteriormente, se aplicó el
cuestionario nórdico para conocer el estado de salud actual de los colaboradores con respecto a
los síntomas musculo esqueléticos.
Después de ser evaluados los riesgos, se plantearon las medidas de intervención de
acuerdo a lo establecido en el decreto 1072 de 2015; entre ellas se recomienda la constante
capacitación sobre el riesgo biomecánico, la implementación de un programa de pausas activas
de estiramiento y relajación muscular, además de generar en los colaboradores el autocuidado
aplicando la higiene postural en las actividades que desempeñan diariamente.
Low back pain is one of the 150 conditions of the musculoskeletal system, it appears frequently and proof of this is that it is the second cause of medical visits, the fifth in frequency of hospitalization and the third in frequency of surgical intervention. It has been proven that regardless of the size of a population, low back problems are highly prevalent. It is estimated that up to 80% of the population will suffer from it at least once in their lives. Taking into account the above, the company Ser Ambiental, in this case, the staff of the sweeping area in the municipality of Ricaurte Cundinamarca is a staff in which the conditions associated with biomechanical risk such as those previously mentioned by the sweeping activities they carry out. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the factors that facilitate lumbar discomfort derived from exposure to Biomechanical Risk, in order to propose strategies that allow mitigating the biomechanical risk factors found. In this way, the research question arises, which is the following: What are the factors associated with biomechanical risk, which can be facilitators of lumbar problems to workers in the sweeping area of the company Ser Ambiental in the municipality of Ricaurte? To answer the research question, a methodology with a quantitative approach and a descriptive scope was used, the collection techniques used were the observation and the survey of the sociodemographic profile, later, the Nordic questionnaire was applied to know the current state of health of the collaborators with respect to the musculoskeletal symptoms. After the risks were evaluated, intervention measures were proposed in accordance with the provisions of Decree 1072 of 2015; Among them, constant training on biomechanical risk is recommended, as well as the implementation of a program of active stretching and muscle relaxation breaks, in addition to generating self-care in employees by applying postural hygiene in the activities they perform daily.
Low back pain is one of the 150 conditions of the musculoskeletal system, it appears frequently and proof of this is that it is the second cause of medical visits, the fifth in frequency of hospitalization and the third in frequency of surgical intervention. It has been proven that regardless of the size of a population, low back problems are highly prevalent. It is estimated that up to 80% of the population will suffer from it at least once in their lives. Taking into account the above, the company Ser Ambiental, in this case, the staff of the sweeping area in the municipality of Ricaurte Cundinamarca is a staff in which the conditions associated with biomechanical risk such as those previously mentioned by the sweeping activities they carry out. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the factors that facilitate lumbar discomfort derived from exposure to Biomechanical Risk, in order to propose strategies that allow mitigating the biomechanical risk factors found. In this way, the research question arises, which is the following: What are the factors associated with biomechanical risk, which can be facilitators of lumbar problems to workers in the sweeping area of the company Ser Ambiental in the municipality of Ricaurte? To answer the research question, a methodology with a quantitative approach and a descriptive scope was used, the collection techniques used were the observation and the survey of the sociodemographic profile, later, the Nordic questionnaire was applied to know the current state of health of the collaborators with respect to the musculoskeletal symptoms. After the risks were evaluated, intervention measures were proposed in accordance with the provisions of Decree 1072 of 2015; Among them, constant training on biomechanical risk is recommended, as well as the implementation of a program of active stretching and muscle relaxation breaks, in addition to generating self-care in employees by applying postural hygiene in the activities they perform daily.
Description
Evaluar los factores que facilitan las molestias lumbares derivadas de la exposición al
Riesgo Biomecánico en los trabajadores del área de barrido en la empresa Ser Ambiental en el
municipio de Ricaurte Cundinamarca.
Keywords
Dolor lumbar, Salud laboral, Factores de riesgo, Afección, Enfermedad laboral, Low back pain, Occupational health, Risk factors, Condition, Occupational dise