Análisis De Factores De Riesgo Asociados A Incapacidades Laborales En El Personal Operativo De La Distribuidora Pool Llamados Los Drinks S.A.S.
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Date
2025-08-22
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Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO
Type
Trabajo de Investigación e Innovación
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Acceso Abierto - http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Abstract
Introducción. Las incapacidades laborales son una de las principales causas de ausentismo en las empresas, afectando la productividad, el clima organizacional y el bienestar de los trabajadores. En la empresa Pool Los Drinks SAS, ubicada en Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, se ha evidenciado un incremento en las incapacidades del personal operativo, especialmente por factores de riesgo biomecánicos, físicos y psicosociales. Esta situación genera costos operativos y afecta la eficiencia del sistema logístico, haciendo necesaria la implementación de estrategias de mejora en el entorno laboral.
Objetivo. Analizar los factores de riesgo asociados a las incapacidades laborales que generan ausentismo en el personal operativo de la Distribuidora Pool Los Drinks SAS, a fin de diseñar estrategias preventivas y diseñar una herramienta de seguimiento que permitan reducir su incidencia y mejorar la gestión en seguridad y salud en el trabajo.
Metodología. Se desarrollo una investigación con enfoque mixto y alcance descriptivo. Se utilizo la Matriz de Identificación de Peligros y Evaluación de Riesgos (IPER), conforme a la resolución 0312 del 2019 y la norma ISO 45001: 2018. Se realizó una observación sistemática del entorno laboral y de las actividades de personal operativo, para la aplicación de esta, la muestra estuvo compuesta por 80 trabajadores operativos. El proceso metodológico incluyo diagnóstico, análisis y propuesta, integrando herramientas técnicas y normativas vigentes de SG-SST.
Resultados. Estos mostraron que el 70% de las incapacidades estaban relacionadas con riesgos biomecánicos (manipulación de cargas, posturas forzadas), el 55% con riesgos físicos (ruido, iluminación deficiente), y el 15% con riesgos psicosociales (estrés laboral, presión de tiempo). Se implementaron estrategias como capacitaciones, pausas activas, rediseño ergonómico y fortalecimiento del autocuidado. Adicionalmente, se diseñó una ficha técnica de seguimiento de incapacidades laborales, como herramienta de gestión continua que facilita el análisis de casos, identificando patrones y toma de decisiones informadas. Esto permitió reducir la frecuencia de incapacidades y mejorar el compromiso del personal con la seguridad y la salud en el trabajo.
Palabras clave: Incapacidad laboral, ausentismo, riesgos laborales, SST, mejora continua, Pool Los Drinks.
Introduction. Work-related illnesses are one of the main causes of absenteeism in companies, affecting productivity, organizational climate, and employee well-being. At Pool Los Drinks SAS, located in Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, an increase in sick leave among operational staff has been observed, especially due to biomechanical, physical, and psychosocial risk factors. This situation generates operating costs and affects the efficiency of the logistics system, necessitating the implementation of improvement strategies in the work environment. Objective. To analyze the risk factors associated with sick leave that generate absenteeism among operational staff at the Pool Los Drinks SAS distribution company, in order to design preventive strategies and a monitoring tool to reduce its incidence and improve occupational health and safety management. Methodology. A mixed-method, descriptive research approach was conducted. The Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Matrix (IPER) was used, in accordance with Resolution 0312 of 2019 and the ISO 45001:2018 standard. A systematic observation of the work environment and the activities of operational personnel was carried out. The sample consisted of 80 operational workers. The methodological process included diagnosis, analysis, and proposals, integrating technical tools and current OSHMS regulations. Results showed that 70% of the disabilities were related to biomechanical risks (load handling, awkward postures), 55% to physical risks (noise, poor lighting), and 15% to psychosocial risks (work stress, time pressure). Strategies such as training, active breaks, ergonomic redesign, and strengthening self-care were implemented. Additionally, a work-related disability monitoring data sheet was designed as an ongoing management tool that facilitates case analysis, identifying patterns, and making informed decisions. This helped reduce the frequency of disability cases and improve staff commitment to occupational health and safety.
Introduction. Work-related illnesses are one of the main causes of absenteeism in companies, affecting productivity, organizational climate, and employee well-being. At Pool Los Drinks SAS, located in Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, an increase in sick leave among operational staff has been observed, especially due to biomechanical, physical, and psychosocial risk factors. This situation generates operating costs and affects the efficiency of the logistics system, necessitating the implementation of improvement strategies in the work environment. Objective. To analyze the risk factors associated with sick leave that generate absenteeism among operational staff at the Pool Los Drinks SAS distribution company, in order to design preventive strategies and a monitoring tool to reduce its incidence and improve occupational health and safety management. Methodology. A mixed-method, descriptive research approach was conducted. The Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Matrix (IPER) was used, in accordance with Resolution 0312 of 2019 and the ISO 45001:2018 standard. A systematic observation of the work environment and the activities of operational personnel was carried out. The sample consisted of 80 operational workers. The methodological process included diagnosis, analysis, and proposals, integrating technical tools and current OSHMS regulations. Results showed that 70% of the disabilities were related to biomechanical risks (load handling, awkward postures), 55% to physical risks (noise, poor lighting), and 15% to psychosocial risks (work stress, time pressure). Strategies such as training, active breaks, ergonomic redesign, and strengthening self-care were implemented. Additionally, a work-related disability monitoring data sheet was designed as an ongoing management tool that facilitates case analysis, identifying patterns, and making informed decisions. This helped reduce the frequency of disability cases and improve staff commitment to occupational health and safety.
Description
Analizar los factores de riesgo asociados a las incapacidades laborales que generan ausentismo en el personal operativo de la Distribuidora Pool llamados los Drinks S.A.S.
Keywords
Incapacidad laboral, ausentismo, riesgos laborales, SST, mejora continua, Pool Los Drinks., Work disability, absenteeism, occupational hazards