Factores claves a considerar al evaluar el cambio del modelo de energización tradicional por modelos agrupados para comunidades de zonas rurales del departamento de La Guajira
Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO
El departamento de La Guajira, ubicado en el norte de Colombia, tiene una extensión de 20,848 km², con la mitad de su territorio siendo desértico y temperaturas entre 30°C y 35°C. La Guajira se divide en tres zonas: baja, media y alta. Las dos últimas están habitadas por la etnia Wayuu, que cuenta con 380,460 personas, representando el 20.2% de los indígenas colombianos, (DANE, 2021). Las comunidades Wayuu enfrentan problemas para satisfacer sus necesidades básicas debido a las condiciones desérticas, la deficiencia en infraestructura y a sus asentamientos tradicionales. El 84.2% vive en áreas rurales dispersas en rancherías. Un 81.1% de los Wayuu tiene necesidades básicas insatisfechas y el 53.3% vive en condiciones de miseria, y la electricidad es el servicio público más accesible para un 22.2%, (DANE, 2021). Por medio de la electrificación tradicional con soluciones solares individuales, que no ha sido efectivas para estas comunidades, ya que no integra a las comunidades ni satisface sus necesidades colectivas de energía. El gobierno nacional, a través del IPSE, está promoviendo un modelo de microredes y comunidades energéticas que busca mayor eficiencia, sostenibilidad y desarrollo local. En la investigación se evalúan los factores clave para el cambio del modelo de electrificación tradicional a modelo agrupado, en las comunidades no interconectadas de La Guajira y que cuentan con una concentración de hogares muy cerca uno de los otros. Se busca identificar la necesidad de este cambio, describir las ventajas del modelo agrupado y proponer recomendaciones para su implementación
The department of La Guajira, located in northern Colombia, covers an area of 20,848 km², with half of its territory being desert and temperatures ranging between 30°C and 35°C. La Guajira is divided into three zones: low, medium, and high. The latter two are inhabited by the Wayuu ethnic group, which numbers 380,460 people, representing 20.2% of the indigenous population in Colombia (DANE, 2021). The Wayuu communities face challenges in meeting their basic needs due to desert conditions, inadequate infrastructure, and traditional settlements. 84.2% of them live in rural areas scattered across rancherias. 81.1% of the Wayuu have unmet basic needs, and 53.3% live in conditions of poverty, with only 22.2% having access to electricity (DANE, 2021). Traditional electrification with individual solar solutions has been ineffective for these communities as it does not integrate the communities nor meet their collective energy needs. The national government, through IPSE, is promoting a model of microgrids and energy communities aimed at greater efficiency, sustainability, and local development. This research focuses on evaluating the key factors for transitioning from traditional electrification to a grouped model in non-interconnected communities of La Guajira. It aims to identify the need for this change, describe the advantages of the grouped model, and propose recommendations for its implementation
The department of La Guajira, located in northern Colombia, covers an area of 20,848 km², with half of its territory being desert and temperatures ranging between 30°C and 35°C. La Guajira is divided into three zones: low, medium, and high. The latter two are inhabited by the Wayuu ethnic group, which numbers 380,460 people, representing 20.2% of the indigenous population in Colombia (DANE, 2021). The Wayuu communities face challenges in meeting their basic needs due to desert conditions, inadequate infrastructure, and traditional settlements. 84.2% of them live in rural areas scattered across rancherias. 81.1% of the Wayuu have unmet basic needs, and 53.3% live in conditions of poverty, with only 22.2% having access to electricity (DANE, 2021). Traditional electrification with individual solar solutions has been ineffective for these communities as it does not integrate the communities nor meet their collective energy needs. The national government, through IPSE, is promoting a model of microgrids and energy communities aimed at greater efficiency, sustainability, and local development. This research focuses on evaluating the key factors for transitioning from traditional electrification to a grouped model in non-interconnected communities of La Guajira. It aims to identify the need for this change, describe the advantages of the grouped model, and propose recommendations for its implementation
Evaluar los factores claves a considerar al considerar el cambio del modelo de energización tradicional por modelos agrupados para comunidades de zonas no interconectadas del departamento de La Guajira
Garcia, A., Garcia, A. & Gutierrez, G. (2024). Factores claves a considerar al evaluar el cambio del modelo de energización tradicional por modelos agrupados para comunidades de zonas no interconectadas del departamento de La Guajira. [Trabajo de Gradp, Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios - UNIMINUTO]. Repositorio Uniminuto