Los Niveles del Síndrome de Burnout y percepción de Estrés en la Salud Física y Mental de las Trabajadoras Domésticas en los Departamentos de Barranquilla, Boyacá y Cundinamarca
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Date
2024-07-23
Advisors
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios- UNIMINUTO
Type
Trabajo de Investigación e Innovación
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Acceso Abierto - http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia
Abstract
La finalidad del estudio es determinar la prevalencia del estrés percibido por las trabajadoras domésticas en los departamentos de Barranquilla, Boyacá y Cundinamarca frente a la afectación causada por el síndrome de burnout y la presencia de síntomas de estrés. Esta investigación utiliza una metodología mixta con un análisis descriptivo y transversal. Se estudia a 18 trabajadoras domésticas para identificar los factores estresantes y evaluar el nivel de estrés, empleando el cuestionario de Burnout de Maslach y el cuestionario de síntomas de estrés. De igual forma, el agotamiento emocional, el componente del Burnout de mayor afectación y el estrés laboral percibido por las trabajadoras domésticas constituyen los mejores predictores del agotamiento emocional. También se recopilaron datos mediante entrevista para conocer la percepción de los entrevistados frente al síndrome de burnout. Los factores que provocan mayor estrés son: el volumen de trabajo, salario inadecuado, síntomas de estrés a nivel afectivo, cognitivo y psicosomáticos están presentes en los tres componentes del Burnout. Los resultados confirman el carácter emocional del síndrome, su origen laboral y sus manifestaciones fisiológicas. Es esencial implementar cambios estructurales que fomenten un ambiente de trabajo respetuoso y de apoyo, condiciones laborales justas y la promoción de la autonomía. Estas medidas no solo mejorarían el bienestar y la satisfacción laboral, sino que también contribuirían a un entorno más justo y productivo para todos. Como resultado, se observaría una mejora en la salud mental y física de las trabajadoras, así como un aumento en su eficiencia y rendimiento laboral.
The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of stress perceived by domestic workers in the departments of Barranquilla, Boyacá and Cundinamarca compared to the impact caused by burnout syndrome and the presence of stress symptoms. This research uses a mixed methodology with a descriptive and transversal analysis. 18 domestic workers are studied to identify stressors and evaluate the level of stress, using the Maslach Burnout questionnaire and the stress symptoms questionnaire. Likewise, emotional exhaustion, the Burnout component most affected, age and work stress perceived by domestic workers constitute the best predictors of emotional exhaustion. Data were also collected through interviews to know the perception of the interviewees regarding burnout syndrome. The factors that cause greater stress in domestic workers are: Volume of work, inadequate salary, symptoms of stress at an emotional, cognitive and psychosomatic level are present in the three components of Burnout. The results confirm the emotional nature of the syndrome, its occupational origin and its physiological manifestations. It is essential to implement structural changes that foster a respectful and supportive work environment, fair working conditions, and the promotion of autonomy. These would not only improve well-being and job satisfaction, but also contribute to a fairer and more productive measurement environment for all. As a result, there would be an improvement in the mental and physical health of the workers, as well as an increase in their efficiency and work performance
The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of stress perceived by domestic workers in the departments of Barranquilla, Boyacá and Cundinamarca compared to the impact caused by burnout syndrome and the presence of stress symptoms. This research uses a mixed methodology with a descriptive and transversal analysis. 18 domestic workers are studied to identify stressors and evaluate the level of stress, using the Maslach Burnout questionnaire and the stress symptoms questionnaire. Likewise, emotional exhaustion, the Burnout component most affected, age and work stress perceived by domestic workers constitute the best predictors of emotional exhaustion. Data were also collected through interviews to know the perception of the interviewees regarding burnout syndrome. The factors that cause greater stress in domestic workers are: Volume of work, inadequate salary, symptoms of stress at an emotional, cognitive and psychosomatic level are present in the three components of Burnout. The results confirm the emotional nature of the syndrome, its occupational origin and its physiological manifestations. It is essential to implement structural changes that foster a respectful and supportive work environment, fair working conditions, and the promotion of autonomy. These would not only improve well-being and job satisfaction, but also contribute to a fairer and more productive measurement environment for all. As a result, there would be an improvement in the mental and physical health of the workers, as well as an increase in their efficiency and work performance
Description
Determinar el impacto del estrés y del síndrome de burnout en la salud física y mental, así como en el desempeño laboral de las trabajadoras domésticas en Barranquilla, Boyacá y Cundinamarca.
Keywords
Estrés Percibido, Síndrome de Burnout, Trabajadora Domésticas, Agotamiento Emocional, Perceived Stress, Burnout Syndrome, Domestic Workers, Emotional Exhaustion