Efectos y Afrontamiento del Estrés Laboral y Burnout en Trabajadoras Domésticas de Marinilla e Ibagué
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Date
2025-01-27
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Editors
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Publisher
Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios – UNIMINUTO
Type
Trabajo de Investigación e Innovación
Rights
Acceso Abierto - http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Abstract
El trabajo doméstico implica actividades esenciales para el cuidado emocional y afectivo de los hogares, pero históricamente ha sido asociado con el rol de la mujer y considerado una responsabilidad inherente a su género. Esto ha llevado a una subvaloración e invisibilidad de esta labor, que no se reconoce como un aporte económico o social significativo, las mujeres que lo ejercen, especialmente de sectores populares, rurales, indígenas y afrodescendientes, enfrentan vulnerabilidad económica y social, perpetuando desigualdades de género y socioeconómicas. En Colombia, alrededor de 700.000 personas son trabajadoras domésticas, en su mayoría mujeres (94%). Sin embargo, más del 70% carece de contrato formal, lo que limita su acceso a beneficios sociales como salud y pensiones, y genera un entorno propicio para el estrés, que afecta su salud física y mental, así como la dinámica de los hogares donde trabajan, es fundamental analizar las causas del estrés en este grupo y las estrategias para afrontarlo, dada la importancia del trabajo doméstico en la economía y el bienestar social, este proyecto se pretende investigar y evaluar el impacto del estrés laboral y el síndrome de burnout en las trabajadoras domésticas de Marinilla e Ibagué en el ejercicio de sus funciones en los lugares de trabajo al largo del año 2024,se aplicaron unos instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos, es decir un enfoque mixto a 12 trabajadoras domésticas, 6 del municipio de marinilla y 6 de Ibagué, los cuales permitieron medir los niveles de agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal
responsibility inherent to their gender. This has led to an undervaluation and invisibility of this work, which is not recognized as a significant economic or social contribution. Women who perform it, especially from popular, rural, indigenous and Afro-descendant sectors, face economic and social vulnerability, perpetuating gender and socioeconomic inequalities. In Colombia, around 700,000 people are domestic workers, the majority of whom are women (94%). However, more than 70% lack a formal contract, which limits their access to social benefits such as health and pensions, and generates an environment conducive to stress, which affects their physical and mental health, as well as the dynamics of the homes where they work, it is essential to analyze the causes of stress in this group and the strategies to deal with it, given the importance of domestic work in the economy and social well-being, this project aims to investigate and evaluate the impact of work stress and burnout syndrome on domestic workers in Marinilla and Ibagué in the exercise of their functions in the workplaces throughout the year 2024, qualitative and quantitative instruments were applied, that is, a mixed approach to 12 domestic workers, 6 from the municipality of Marinilla and 6 from Ibagué, which allowed to measure the levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment, the results of the research are a bit discouraging, since the levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment in both cities mostly scored high, reflecting a lack of social support
responsibility inherent to their gender. This has led to an undervaluation and invisibility of this work, which is not recognized as a significant economic or social contribution. Women who perform it, especially from popular, rural, indigenous and Afro-descendant sectors, face economic and social vulnerability, perpetuating gender and socioeconomic inequalities. In Colombia, around 700,000 people are domestic workers, the majority of whom are women (94%). However, more than 70% lack a formal contract, which limits their access to social benefits such as health and pensions, and generates an environment conducive to stress, which affects their physical and mental health, as well as the dynamics of the homes where they work, it is essential to analyze the causes of stress in this group and the strategies to deal with it, given the importance of domestic work in the economy and social well-being, this project aims to investigate and evaluate the impact of work stress and burnout syndrome on domestic workers in Marinilla and Ibagué in the exercise of their functions in the workplaces throughout the year 2024, qualitative and quantitative instruments were applied, that is, a mixed approach to 12 domestic workers, 6 from the municipality of Marinilla and 6 from Ibagué, which allowed to measure the levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment, the results of the research are a bit discouraging, since the levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment in both cities mostly scored high, reflecting a lack of social support
Description
Analizar los factores que contribuyen al estrés laboral y burnout en trabajadoras domésticas en Marinilla e Ibagué
Keywords
Trabajo doméstico, vulnerabilidad económica, estrés laboral, síndrome de Burnout, salud física y mental, Domestic work, economic vulnerability, work-related stres